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Nine years old when she entered a German concentration camp in 1945, Luisa Lang Owen barely survived the persecution of her people, eventually finding herself in America, where she made a new life for herself. This memoir is a personal depiction of what ethnic cleansing is really about.

Genocide --- Germans --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- Ethnology --- Owen, Luisa Lang, --- Yugoslavia --- History

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Marchak departs significantly from mainstream explanations of genocide, rejecting racism as a fundamental cause and disputing a wide range of other explanations that cite racist and religious ideologies, perception of threat, authoritarianism, and unique historical circumstances as primary causes. She argues that while these variables may be contributing factors, states move toward human rights crimes because their governments can no longer sustain a particular social hierarchy. Reasons for their paralysis may be economic, environmental, demographic, or purely political. In an attempt to re-establish the former status quo, they turn against groups low on the hierarchical scale, some of which may be defined in ethnic terms. If governments come into power as revolutionary forces, they may commit such crimes in order to establish a new social hierarchy. Other necessary but insufficient conditions for state crimes include the military capacity for committing mass murder, the creation of ideology that justifies such action, and the failure of independent institutions such as the mass media and universities to counter ideological and military forces. Reigns of Terror is highly accessible and aimed at an audience of senior undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty in the social sciences, as well as a more general reading public concerned about the many state-sponsored crimes against humanity still occurring in the world.

Crimes against humanity. --- Genocide --- Political atrocities --- Atrocities --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- Sociology of genocide --- Sociology --- International crimes --- War crimes --- Sociological aspects. --- History

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Genocide, mass murder and human rights abuses are arguably the most perplexing and deeply troubling aspects of recent world history. This collection of essays by leading international experts offers an up-to-date, comprehensive history and analyses of multiple cases of genocide and genocidal acts, with a focus on the twentieth century. The book contains studies of the Armenian genocide, the victims of Stalinist terror, the Holocaust, and Imperial Japan. Several authors explore colonialism and address the fate of the indigenous peoples in Africa, North America, and Australia. As well, there is extensive coverage of the post-1945 period, including the atrocities in the former Yugoslavia, Bali, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Rwanda, East Timor, and Guatemala. The book emphasizes the importance of comparative analysis and theoretical discussion, and it raises new questions about the difficult challenges for modernity constituted by genocide and other mass crimes.

Crimes against humanity. --- Genocide. --- Crimes contre l'humanité --- Génocide --- Crimes against humanity --- Genocide --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- International crimes --- War crimes --- Arts and Humanities --- History

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Following the defeat of the Greek Army in 1922 by nationalist Turkish forces, the 1923 Lausanne Convention specified the first internationally ratified compulsory population exchange. It proved to be a watershed in the eastern Mediterranean, having far-reaching ramifications both for the new Turkish Republic, and for Greece which hadto absorb over a million refugees. Known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe by the Greeks, it marked the establishment of the independent nation state for the Turks. The consequences of this event have received surprisingly little attention despite the considerable relevance for the contemporary situation in the Balkans. This volume addresses the challenge of writing history from both sides of the Aegean and provides, for the first time, a forum for multidisciplinary dialogue across national boundaries.

Greco-Turkish War, 1921-1922 --- Population transfers --- Refugees. --- Greeks --- History --- Turks --- Greek-Turkish War, 1921-1922 --- Turco-Greek War, 1921-1922 --- Turkish-Greek War, 1921-1922 --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Exchange of population --- Exchanges, Population --- Interchange of population --- Interchanges, Population --- Population exchanges --- Population interchanges --- Purification, Ethnic --- Transfer of population --- Transfers, Population --- Emigration and immigration --- Minorities

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This book looks at the phenomenon of ethnic cleansing in the Balkans over the last two hundred years. Carmichael brings together a vast array of primary and secondary sources to produce a concise and accessible argument.

Nationalism --- Population transfers. --- Ethnic relations --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Exchange of population --- Exchanges, Population --- Interchange of population --- Interchanges, Population --- Population exchanges --- Population interchanges --- Purification, Ethnic --- Transfer of population --- Transfers, Population --- Emigration and immigration --- Minorities --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- History. --- Religious aspects. --- Balkan Peninsula --- Balkan States --- Balkans --- Europe, Southeastern --- Southeastern Europe